Applications Micro-optics Femtosecond microfabrication technology is used in micro-optics applications, including multi-photon polymerization (MPP) and 3D laser lithography. MPP enables the production of polymeric structures with high resolution, such as Fresnel lenses and photonic crystals. Micro-fluidics Femtosecond microfabrication technology is applied in microfluidics through 3D laser lithography and selective laser etching (SLE). 3D laser lithography is used to produce micro filters and sensors, while SLE enables the production of complex-shaped microfluidic channels out of fused silica glass with low surface roughness and high precision. Micro-mechanics Femtosecond microfabrication in micromechanics applications uses techniques like multiphoton polymerization and selective laser etching to produce flexible and high-precision 3D structures. These structures, made of materials like polymers and ceramics, can be used in various fields like micromechanics and microrobotics and are ideal for applications that require movable assembly-free components. Scaffolds Multi-photon polymerization (MPP) can be used for meta-material fabrication, including scaffolds for tissue engineering. The 3D gyroid structure is a mechanically rigid, light structure that can be fabricated by MPP, with a resolution up to 150 nm and capable of entrapping submicrometer sized cells. Sensors Multi-photon polymerization (MPP) enables the production of precise and strong microlenses and microneedles for visualization, filtering, and drug delivery. MPP can also be combined with other fabrication techniques such as selective laser etching to create hybrid microfabricated systems, like glass and polymer structures. Lab-on-Chip Femtosecond microfabrication is a hybrid approach that combines laser ablation and multi-photon polymerization for lab-on-chip applications. This enables the rapid production of channels and filters in arbitrary geometries for devices such as a microfluidic macromolecule separator and a liver-on-chip model. Filters, Flow Moulders Femtosecond laser micro-drilling is precise and produces minimal heat, making it useful for drilling filters, nozzles, and tools in materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers, and glass. It’s also useful for making cuts in materials without leaving debris. Surface Structuring Femtosecond laser texturing can manipulate surface wettability to create hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces with applications ranging from medical tool functionalization to fluid separation and friction manipulation. Laser Marking Femtosecond laser marking allows precise coloring of titanium alloy surfaces to achieve varying colors. The technique is used in cosmetic, industrial, and automotive applications such as jewelry, medical devices, and tool marking. Similar effects can be achieved on other metals, like stainless steel, copper, silver, and gold.